는다 니까요 grammar - neunda nikkayo grammar

August 22, 2009 by tailieutienghan

-다니까/-라니까 (-danikka / ranikka) is a structure that emphasizes a fact or a statement by being added to the end of a sentence that the speaker wants to make sure is understood and accepted. We can translate to English as “I said,” “I told you,” or even “I asked you.” When meaning, “I asked you,” the ending changes slightly to 냐니까 (nyanikka). This is different from the ending -니까 (nikka), which means “because, owing to.” You can add 요 (yo) at the end to sound a little more polite, but this is not a very polite expression even in polite language because it has the nuance of talking back and criticizing the other person's thought, statement, or judgment.

-다니까 (danikka) originally comes from the expression -다고 (말)하니까 (-dago hanikka), which is closer to the English translation “I said” or “I told you.” We dropped the letter 고 (go), and 말하니까 (malhanikka) or 하니까 (hanikka) became shorter, so the whole expression became –다니까 (danikka).

-라니까 (ranikka) comes from -라고 (말)하니까 (-rago hanikka), and -냐니까 (nyanikka) comes from -냐고 (말)하니까 (-nyago hanikka).

Formation

[Plain Sentence] + -다니까 Plain sentences using verbs other than 이다 (ida) and 아니다 (anida) + -다니까 (danikka)

1. 가다 (gada) “to go”

   간다 (ganda) “I go.” (plain narrative sentence) 

   가 (ga) / 가요 (gayo) / 갑니다 (gamnida) 간다니까 + 요 = 간다니까요 

   (gandanikkayo) 

   “I said I'm going”

2. 알다 (alda) “to know”

   안다 (anda) “I know.” (plain narrative sentence) 

   알아 (ara) / 알아요 (arayo) / 압니다 (amnida) 안다니까 + 요 = 안다니까요

   (andanikkayo) 

   “I told you I know”

[Plain Sentence with 이다 or 아니다] + -라니까

Plain sentences using verbs 이다 (ida) and 아니다 (anida) + 라니까 (ranikka)

1. 아니다 (anida) “to be not”

   아니 (ani) – verb stem

   아니 + 라니까 = 아니라니까 (aniranikka)

   저 아니라니까요! 

   (jeo aniranikkayo!) 

   “I told you it's not me!”

2. 진짜 (jinjja) “real, truth”

   진짜 + 이다 = 진짜이다 (jinjjaida) “to be real”

   진짜 + 이 + 라니까 = 진짜이라니까 ▶ 진짜라니까 (jinjjaranikka)

   진짜라니까요. 

   (jinjja-ranikkayo) 

   “I told you it's real!”

[Imperatives] + -(으)라니까

Imperatives + -(으)라니까 (ranikka)

1. 오다 (oda) “to come”

   오 (ending in a vowel) + 라니까 = 오라니까 (oranikka)

   빨리 오라니까. 

   (ppalli oranikka) 

   “I told you to come early.”

2. 먹다 (meokda) “to eat”

   먹 (ending in a consonant) + 으라니까 = 먹으라니까 (meogeuranikka)

   천천히 먹으라니까. 

   (cheoncheonhi meogeuranikka) 

   “I said, eat slowly.”

[Interrogative Sentence] + -냐니까

Interrogative sentences + -냐니까 (nyanikka)

1. 오다 (oda) “to come”

   왔다 (watda) “came, to have come”
   왔 + 냐니까 = 왔냐니까 (watnyanikka)

   왜 왔냐니까? 

   (wae watnyanikka?) 

   “I asked you why you came.”

Example Sentences

1. 저 아니라니까요. 

   jeo aniranikkayo. 

   “I told you it's not me.”

2. 내가 먹었다니까. 

   nae-ga meogeotdanikka. 

   “I told you I ate it.”

3. 내가 안 했다니까. 

   nae-ga an haedanikka. 

   “I told you I didn't do it.”

4. 왜 그러냐니까? 

   wae geureonyanikka. 

   “I asked you, what's wrong with you?”

5. 누구냐니까? 

   nugu-nyanikka? 

   “I asked you, who is it?”

6. 지금 나가라니까! 

   jigeum nagaranikka! 

   “I told you to get out of here!”

7. 그렇다니까요. 

   geureotanikkayo. 

   “I told you so already.”

Notes

☞ How is it different from -다고/라고? ☜

A similar structure is -다고/라고/냐고 (dago / rago / nyago). 
This can replace the structure -다니까/라니까/냐니까 (danikka / ranikka / nyanikka) most of the time, but it does not sound as strong and accusing as -다니까/라니까/냐니까 (danikka/ ranikka / nyanikka).

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